Tendon injury in horses and treatment

Definition of a tendon injury in horses

A tendon injury occurs when the connective tissue is damaged by overloading, injury or degenerative processes. This damage can take the form of strains, partial tears or complete ruptures. As tendons are poorly supplied with blood, healing is usually slower than with other tissues, which requires targeted treatment.

Rehabilitation of a tendon injury

Rehabilitation after a tendon injury requires a graduated approach. Initially, it is important to protect the tendon to allow it to heal completely. In the further course, controlled movements and physiotherapy measures are used to gradually increase the load on the tendon and restore its full functionality.

Collagen fibrils as a central component of the tendon

The collagen fibrils form the main component of the equine flexor tendon and are renewed approximately every six months. In a healthy tendon, around 80 % of the collagen fibrils consist of type I collagen, while the proportion of type III collagen is less than 1 %.

During tendon regeneration, type III collagen is initially synthesised. This type of collagen is characterised by higher elasticity but lower tensile strength compared to type I collagen and does not have a strict longitudinal orientation (Schneider, 1999). According to Williams et al. (1984), type III collagen is detectable in the regenerating tendon up to 14 months after the injury. Damsch et al. (1992) also confirm that type III collagen has a longer persistence during the healing process.

The effect of native type I & III collagen cross-linked with hyaluronic acid on tendon healing in horses

Why is the combination of native collagen and hyaluronic acid helpful for tendon healing?

Tendon injuries in horses are common, especially in animals that are intensively trained or used in competitions. Tendons consist mainly of collagen, a protein that is responsible for their strength and elasticity. When the tendon is injured, this collagen structure is damaged, making the healing process more difficult. The combination of native type I & III collagen and hyaluronic acid can help to support this process.

Collagen is the main component of tendons and ensures their structural integrity. The application of collagen supports the regeneration of damaged tendon tissue and promotes the formation of new, functional tissue.

Hyaluronic acid, on the other hand, plays an important role in the lubrication of the tendon. It improves lubrication, reduces friction and protects the tendon from adhesions that can occur during the healing process. Hyaluronic acid also has anti-inflammatory properties that can help to relieve pain and reduce swelling.

Effect of native type I & III collagen with hyaluronic acid

The combination of these two components has a positive effect on tendon healing:

1. Accelerated healing: In the case of non-infected vision injuries, collagen supports the reconstruction of the damaged tendon tissue and promotes regeneration.
2. Protection and lubrication: Hyaluronic acid improves the gliding ability of the tendons, preventing adhesions and improving mobility.
3. Anti-inflammatory: Hyaluronic acid reduces inflammation and helps to minimise swelling, which can have a positive effect on the healing process.

Advantages of the combination

The use of native collagen in combination with hyaluronic acid offers several advantages over traditional therapies:

• Structural support:
  Collagen restores the structural integrity of the tendon.
• Long-lasting effect:
  Hyaluronic acid remains in the tendon for longer and supports the healing process over a longer period of time.
• Minimisation of complications:
  The gliding properties of hyaluronic acid minimise the risk of adhesions and scarring.

Prevention of complications

To avoid complications such as scarring or adhesions, it is important that the tendon remains well lubricated and mobile during the healing process. Hyaluronic acid ensures that the tendon remains lubricated and reduces friction, which could otherwise lead to further damage. Controlled aftercare and rehabilitative measures, such as physiotherapeutic support, also play a crucial role in minimising complications.

Duration of treatment

The duration of treatment depends heavily on the severity of the tendon injury. As a rule, a significant improvement can be observed within a few weeks after the application of collagen and hyaluronic acid. The effect can last for several months, in some cases up to a year.

Alternative therapy methods for tendon injuries in horses

Depending on the severity of the injury, tendon damage in horses is usually treated with a combination of box rest, supportive therapies and, if necessary, surgery. Discuss the best treatment plan for your horse with your vet to ensure the best possible recovery.

Treatment methods for tendon injuries

COLLVET TENDO FIT™ GEL, a highly viscous gel that combines bioactive, native type I & III collagen with cross-linked hyaluronic acid, offers an advanced solution for the treatment of tendon injuries in horses. This innovative combination aids healing by providing structural support and lubrication while minimising complications. COLLVET TENDO FIT™ is a promising option for veterinarians looking to provide a sustainable and effective therapy for tendon injuries.

Tendon injuries in horses often require targeted and versatile treatment in order to achieve the best possible healing. In addition to bioactive native type I & III collagen, cross-linked with hyaluronic acid, the following therapy methods are available:

1. Cold therapy: Applying cold immediately after an injury helps to reduce swelling and inflammation and relieve pain. This is a simple but effective initial measure.
2. Supportive bandaging: By using special bandages, the affected tendon can be stabilised, limiting excessive movement and promoting the healing process.
3. Medication: Anti-inflammatory medication is often used to reduce swelling and pain. They support the healing process by curbing inflammatory processes in the tendon tissue.
4. Stem cell therapy: Stem cells can contribute to the regeneration of tendon tissue. This innovative method has the potential to support the body\’s own repair mechanisms and accelerate the healing process.
5. PRP (platelet-rich plasma): PRP is obtained from the horse\’s own blood and injected into the injured tendon. The high concentration of growth factors promotes the healing and regeneration of the tendon tissue.
6. Collagen matrix: Collagen matrices are used as a scaffold to support the regeneration of tendon tissue. This method aims to restore the structural integrity of the tendon.
7. Hyaluronic acid only: Hyaluronic acid can be used alone to increase the gliding ability of the tendon and reduce inflammation. This leads to better mobility and a reduction in adhesions.
8. Shockwave therapy: Shockwave therapy is a non-invasive method in which high-energy sound waves are directed at the injured tissue to stimulate the healing process and relieve pain.
9. Surgical treatments (as a last resort): If conservative treatment methods are unsuccessful, surgery may be necessary to repair or stabilise the tendon. However, this is usually considered as a last option if other approaches fail.

Each of these therapy methods has its specific advantages and the choice of treatment should be made in close consultation with the vet to ensure the best possible healing and recovery of the horse.